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This brief tutorial and activity will provide younger students with some idea how earthquakes occur. The text explains how strain builds up along a fault until the rock breaks, releasing energy in the form of seismic waves. This concept is reinforced by a simple experiment in which the students break a foam rubber block in half and then try to slide the broken halves past each other.
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In
this
lesson,
students
explore
the
causes
of
earthquakes
and
their
impact
on
the
geology
of
an
area
and
on
human
societies.
They
begin
by
looking
at
the
role
tectonic
plates
play
in
creating
the
forces
that
cause
earthquakes,
to
help
them
understand
why
earthquakes
occur
when
and
where
they
do.
Hands-on
activities
illustrate
how
rocks
can
withstand
a
certain
amount
of
stress,
but
that
every
material
...
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Over
a
period
of
50
years
around
1200
B.C.,
all
the
great
Bronze
Age
civilizations
came
to
an
end.
A
number
of
ideas
have
been
advanced
to
explain
why
these
civilizations
ended
almost
simultaneously,
but
no
one
is
quite
sure
why.
This
radio
broadcast
explains
how
a
physicist
at
Stanford
University
has
come
up
with
a
new
idea-
a
series
of
earthquakes,
sweeping
over
southern
Itlay
to
central
Turkey
...
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This
outline
of
basic
information
on
earthquakes
starts
with
an
explanation
of
an
earthquake,
including
the
forces
acting
on
rock,
(tension,
compression,
and
shear)
and
plastic
and
elastic
deformation
of
rock.
Next,
the
principle
of
the
seismograph,
seismometer,
and
seismogram
along
with
the
three
types
of
seismic
waves
are
discussed.
Information
is
then
presented
to
help
the
student
distinguish
between
...
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Choosing & Using this resource...
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National Science Education Standards (NSES): Read
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This
unit
uses
three
lessons
to
introduce
students
to
the
basics
of
how
earthquakes
work
and
why
they
occur.
They
will
also
understand
the
importance
of
high-quality
construction
in
earthquake
zones,
the
political
aspects
of
earthquake
preparedness
and
cleanup,
and
what
can
be
learned
from
previous
earthquakes
in
order
to
prepare
for
future
ones.
It
includes
links
to
online
supporting
materials
and
...
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Although
the
San
Andreas
Fault
is
the
longest
and
one
of
the
most
active
fault
zones
in
California,
it
is
not
responsible
for
every
earthquake
in
the
state.
This
video
segment
describes
the
geologic
setting
of
the
San
Andreas
fault
and
a
network
of
other
active
faults,
particularly
thrust
faults,
closer
to
Los
Angeles,
and
explains
why
these
may
present
a
greater
danger
to
the
city
than
the
San
Andreas
...
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This
teaching
box
is
an
online
assemblage
of
related
learning
concepts
that
focus
on
teaching
students
about
how
and
why
earthquakes
cause
damage.
These
activities
are
presented
as
an
inquiry
exploration,
in
which
students
learn
the
importance
of
studying
past
earthquakes
to
predict
what
might
happen
in
the
future.
The
teaching
box
explores
seismic
waves,
the
predictability
of
earthquakes
at
specific
...
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This site is part of GeoNet Internet Geography, a resource for pre-collegiate British geography students and their instructors. This page focuses on earthquakes and how they occur. Topics covered include the effects of earthquakes, measuring earthquakes, and case studies about specific recent earthquakes.
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Choosing & Using this resource...
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In
this
activity,
students
use
online
resources
to
investigate
the
occurrence
of
earthquakes
in
Southern
California
to
decide
if
there
has
been
a
'deficit',
that
is,
not
enough
earthquakes
in
the
area
in
historical
time
to
release
the
amount
of
strain
energy
that
plate
tectonics
is
constantly
supplying
to
the
crust.
In
the
first
two
parts,
they
must
determine
the
appropriate
year
to
begin
their
study
...
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This article discusses the United States' increasing vulnerability to natural disasters because of population and infrastructure concentrations in disaster-prone areas. Topics include the high cost of earthquakes, hurricanes, and tornadoes, a discussion of the frequency and severity of these events, changes in population and wealth as measured by revenue, and ways to decrease hazard vulnerability.
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