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Back
in
the
days
of
Christopher
Columbus,
voyages
made
across
bodies
of
water
were
dependent
upon
winds
and
currents
to
drive
the
sailing
ships.
Thus
good
navigation
routes
were
often
determined
by
prevailing
weather
conditions
such
as
the
Trade
Winds,
and
then
discovered
by
explorers.
In
this
lesson,
students
will
explore
the
wind
climatology
for
the
Atlantic
Ocean
basin
(as
determined
by
satellite
...
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Educational standards associated with this resource:
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One
of
the
strongest
observed
ENSO
events
of
the
century
began
to
unfold
in
1997.
Fortunately,
an
extensive
network
of
satellite
and
ocean
buoy
instruments
was
prepared
to
monitor
and
record
the
historical
event.
In
this
lesson,
students
will
collect
data
from
the
MY
NASA
DATA
Live
Access
Server
to
understand
how
scientists
detect
the
onset
of
El
Nino
conditions
and
the
reversal
to
La
Nina
conditions
...
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Educational standards associated with this resource:
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There
are
several
factors
that
influence
the
climate
or
prevailing
weather
conditions
for
any
given
location
on
Earth.
The
most
important
factor
is
the
latitude
of
the
location
because
that
affects
the
amount
of
solar
radiation
received
throughout
the
year.
Other
factors
include
its
distance
from
a
body
of
water
(its
moisture
source),
elevation
and
local
topography.
In
this
6
to
10
day
unit
plan,
...
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Educational standards associated with this resource:
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Our
atmosphere
is
warmed
by
shortwave
radiation
received
from
the
Sun.
Some
of
the
energy
is
reflected
back
to
space
depending
on
cloud
cover
and
the
surface
characteristics
of
Earth.
Some
of
the
energy
is
absorbed
by
the
surface,
then
re-emitted
back
to
space
as
longwave
radiation.
As
this
occurs,
clouds
and
atmospheric
gases
can
reflect,
absorb
and
re-emit
this
energy
--
the
so-called
greenhouse
...
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Students will examine data in several formats in order to determine the presence or absence of seasonal variability in tropospheric nitrogen dioxide (NO2) concentrations. The dataset used in this lesson is monthly averages of NO2 as measured from NASA's EOS Aura spacecraft.
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The seasons on Earth are caused by the tilt of the Earth as it rotates on its axis and revolves around the Sun. Students will correlate surface radiation with mean surface temperature of several geographic regions. By observing the graphs of these parameters, students will construct an understanding of the reason for the seasons.
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Climate
is
the
long-term
weather
conditions
for
a
region,
generally
determined
by
30
or
more
years
of
records.
Climate
zones
can
be
defined
using
parameters
such
as
temperature
and
rainfall.
In
this
lesson,
students
will
make
climatic
diagrams
called
climographs
which
will
relate
weather
and
climate
for
a
particular
location.
Monthly
average
values
of
weather
data
such
as
temperature
and
precipitation
...
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There
are
many
factors
that
affect
an
area?s
climate.
By
understanding
these
factors,
someone
could
predict
the
average
temperature,
temperature
range,
and
precipitation
patterns
of
an
area.
They
could
also
predict
the
type
of
vegetation
likely
to
grow
in
an
area
based
on
these
atmospheric
conditions.
In
this
activity,
students
will
work
in
groups
of
three.
Each
group
will
be
assigned
one
of
six
sets
...
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Clouds
are
a
collection
of
water
droplets
and
small
ice
crystals
that
are
suspended
in
an
atmosphere.
Clouds
form
when
moisture
rises,
cools,
and
changes
to
water
or
ice.
It
is
important
to
take
into
consideration
exactly
how
clouds
affect
the
world
around
us.
Clouds
are
an
important
determining
factor
in
climate
in
any
region
around
the
globe.
In
this
lesson,
students
will
plot
and
analyze
data
for
...
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Researchers
such
as
paleoclimatologists
or
dendrochronologists
use
tree
ring
analyses
as
one
tool
to
reconstruct
climate
information
about
the
past.
They
will
often
reference
data
from
other
sources
such
as
historical
weather
records,
and
ice
core
or
ocean
core
samples
to
support
their
findings.
In
this
lesson
students
will
utilize
monthly
average
precipitation
data
to
strengthen
conclusions
about
...
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