This web site describes a series of Lahars that occurred from the Nevado del Ruiz volcano in the Andes mountains, the northernmost and highest volcano in Colombia. Beginning in November 1984, the volcano began showing clear signs of unrest. An explosive eruption from Ruiz's summit crater on November 13, 1985, at 9:08 p.m. generated an eruption column and sent a series of pyroclastic flows and surges ... Full description.

The 1950 eruption was the largest and most spectacular eruption from the southwest rift zone of Mauna Loa Volcano, Hawaii, since written records have been kept. It was especially noteworthy, for lava was erupted from a nearly continuous 20-km-long fissure along the middle portion of the rift zone. Flows reached the sea in less than four hours. The description includes 5 photographs, a map of a portion ... Full description.

This page describes how quickly an earthquake-triggered lahar happened and the losses that occurred. Some losses may have occurred because people did not know they should flee to high ground after an earthquake. Within minutes of the 1994 magnitude 6.4 earthquake beneath the south-southwest flank of Nevado del Huila volcano in Colombia, dozens of landslides swept down from the steep valleys above ... Full description.

This web page covers the progress of the early 1960 Kapoho eruption of Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, and the damage it caused. The eruption caused havoc in lower Puna, an idyllic rural paradise until the lava fountains and flows covered farm land and villages including Kapoho Village and parts of Koa`e Village. During this time, the volcano's summit deflated and eventually collapsed. This page is part ... Full description.

This web page uses photographs and illustrations of Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, to illustrate the typical growth and collapse of lava deltas, fan-shaped platforms formed when pahoehoe lava enters the ocean for extended periods of time. The page also discusses the hazards associated with active lava deltas. Full description.

This web site illustrates and describes damage from a tragic lahar triggered by rainfall on Casita Volcano, an inactive cone of San Cristobal Volcano, northwestern Nicaragua. When the side of Casita Volcano collapsed on October 30, 1998, more than 2,000 people were killed within minutes as a large lahar swept over the towns of El Porvenir and Rolando Rodriguez. Links are also available to a photoglossary ... Full description.

The Tsunami Database is a global digital database containing information on more than 2000 tsunamis maintained by the National Geophysical Data Center. This is an interactive site; the user is asked to enter search parameters such as date, latitude and longitude, cause of the tsunami - earthquake, landslide, volcano, or all combined - magnitude, and death. Information is then generated on tsunamis ... Full description.

The Storm Prediction Center (SPC) is an agency of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Weather Service. This website is intended to delineate areas of the contiguous U. S. where the pre-existing fuel conditions, combined with forecast weather conditions during the next 8 days will result in a significant threat for wildfires. Also included are fire weather composite ... Full description.

This is the companion website to NOVA's documentary "Fire Wars" revealing the importance of fire to wildlife systems. Additionally, it documents major wildfires from the past century and the development of modern wildfire fighting methods, as well as detailing the integral role that weather plays in wildfires. Teachers' resources include classroom activities, handouts and wildfire simulations, a glossary ... Full description.

This website is part of NOVA Online, which is produced for the Public Broadcasting System (PBS) by the Science Unit at WGBH in Boston. This site accompanies the television production, and discusses the making of the video. Topics include how to film avalanches, threats of avalanches, parts of a slide, how avalanches begin, safety on the mountains, and dangers of avalanches. There is a teacher's guide ... Full description.