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This
lesson
includes
a
historical
review,
starting
with
the
existence
of
the
horizon
at
sea,
proceeding
to
various
studies
of
the
Earth's
size
and
shape,
and
leading
to
the
attempt
by
Columbus
to
reach
India
by
sailing
westward.
Students
will
understand
the
concept
of
the
horizon
at
sea
as
evidence
that
the
Earth
is
round,
calculate
the
size
of
the
Earth
using
Eratosthenes'
methods,
and
the
origin
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Educational standards associated with this resource:
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This
lesson
introduces
"pre-trigonometry,"
the
estimate
of
the
distance
to
a
far-away
point.
Students
will
use
"pre-trigonometry"
to
calcuate
distance
and
will
use
the
"thumb
method"
of
estimating
distances
in
the
field
and
understand
the
reason
it
works.
Finally,
they
will
understand
how
astronomers
used
the
diameter
of
the
Earth's
orbit
around
the
Sun
as
a
baseline
for
estimating
the
distance
of
...
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Choosing & Using this resource...
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This
lesson
describes
the
calculation
by
which
Aristarchus
used
the
duration
of
a
total
lunar
eclipse
to
deduce
the
distance
of
the
Moon.
Students
will
learn
about
eclipses
of
the
Moon
and
a
simple
application
of
pre-trigonometry
as
they
discover
how
Aristarchus,
a
Greek
astronomer
of
230
BC,
used
a
simple
observation
of
the
eclipse
of
the
Moon,
plus
clever
reasoning,
to
deduce
the
distance
of
the
...
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Choosing & Using this resource...
Educational standards associated with this resource:
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This
lesson
traces
the
beginning
of
the
heliocentric
theory
of
the
solar
system,
the
idea
that
the
solar
system
revolves
around
the
Sun,
to
an
observation
by
Greek
astronomer
Aristarchus,
which
convinced
him
that
the
Sun
was
much
bigger
than
the
Earth.
Students
will
learn
how
Aristarchus
used
the
position
of
the
half-full
Moon
to
estimate
the
distance
to
the
Sun,
and
the
results
he
obtained
by
employing
...
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Choosing & Using this resource...
Educational standards associated with this resource:
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In
this
lesson
the
ellipse
is
studied
in
polar
coordinates
(r,f),
with
the
function
cos(f).
This
places
the
origin
point
at
a
focus
(more
appropriate
for
planetary
motion)
and
introduces
the
eccentricity
e.
It
is
also
noted
that
planets
actually
orbit
the
center
of
gravity
of
the
solar
system
and
that
distant
planets
may
be
detected
by
motions
of
their
central
star
around
the
centers
of
gravity
of
...
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Choosing & Using this resource...
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This
activity
has
students
use
simple
sine
waves
to
explore
constructive
and
destructive
interference
in
seismic
waves.
After
plotting
the
summative
points
of
two
sine
waves,
students
connect
the
points
to
create
the
resulting
complex
wave.
Once
they
have
successfully
drawn
their
complex
wave,
they
will
answer
the
questions
listed
on
the
student
handout.
Provided
are:
a
list
of
materials,
procedure,
...
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Choosing & Using this resource...
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This
classroom
activity
offers
students
an
opportunity
to
research
and
chart
the
shortest
course
to
circumnavigate
the
globe.
Students
choose
their
course
on
a
map
or
globe
but
they
must
go
through
given
check
points
and
measure
their
route.
When
teams
have
completed
their
routes,
they
exchange
maps
and
recording
charts
to
compare
checkpoint
locations
and
estimated
distances.
Then,
as
a
class,
they
...
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Choosing & Using this resource...
Educational standards associated with this resource:
National Science Education Standards (NSES), National Geography Standards: Read
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In
this
lesson,
students
will
learn
about
sampling
through
an
investigation
of
rocks
found
in
the
schoolyard.
This
will
provide
a
start
to
understanding
everyday
statistics.
They
will
first
collect
and
analyze
a
sample
of
rocks
from
the
schoolyard
and
array
the
collected
rocks
by
characteristics
such
as
size,
weight,
and
color,
to
see
if
any
generalizations
can
be
made
about
the
types
of
rocks
that
...
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Choosing & Using this resource...
Educational standards associated with this resource:
National Science Education Standards (NSES): Read
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This lesson reviews clouds and uses fractions to describe cloud coverage, demonstrating how math and science work together. By using math and science to describe clouds, the lesson provides students with several means of communication (fractions and meteorological terms) to describe a meteorological situation.
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Choosing & Using this resource...
Educational standards associated with this resource:
National Science Education Standards (NSES): Read
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In
this
activity
students
gather
and
interpret
their
own
data
about
the
Sun's
apparent
path
across
the
sky.
Since
variations
in
this
path
can
be
observed
over
a
6-9
week
time
frame,
this
material
is
revisited
throughout
the
Earth-Moon-Sun
(EMS)
unit
for
a
total
of
approximately
five
twenty
minute
time
periods.
Students
use
a
3-dimensional
cardboard-backed
dome
to
record
the
Sun's
path
on
multiple
...
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Choosing & Using this resource...
Educational standards associated with this resource:
National Science Education Standards (NSES): Read
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